Glossary

Clear definitions of common numismatic terms used throughout the CoinAlbum catalogue.

Composition
The metal or alloy a coin is made of, such as copper, silver, gold or cupronickel.
Denomination
The face value of a coin, such as 1 cent or 5 euro, as set by the issuing authority.
Die axis
The rotational relationship between the obverse and reverse of a coin, described as medal or coin alignment.
Edge
The third surface of a coin around its circumference, which can be plain, reeded, lettered or decorated.
Mint mark
A small letter or symbol on a coin that identifies the mint where it was struck.
Mintage
The total number of coins of a given type struck, an important factor for rarity and value.
Obverse
The front or heads side of a coin, usually showing the main portrait, coat of arms or issuing authority.
Patina
A natural layer that forms on the surface of a coin over time, often valued on older copper and bronze pieces.
Proof
A specially struck collector coin with sharp detail and a mirror-like field, made from polished dies.
Reverse
The back or tails side of a coin, typically carrying the denomination, year or a secondary design.